Parking
Neighborhood-based prices could fix DC's residential parking
The District's one-size-fits-all approach to residential parking results in inefficient allocation of a scarce resource. Tailoring prices by neighborhood for the city's residential parking permit (RPP) program could make the system more responsive to the unique needs of individual communities.
When DC introduced its RPP system in the 1970s, it was designed to ensure that residents had access to street parking in their neighborhoods. Residents could petition the city to enforce 2-hour only parking on their block with an exemption for vehicles issued a zone permit. The parking zones coincide with the boundaries set for each of the city's eight wards.
For more than 30 years, this parking permit regime has worked well to prevent commuters from parking on residential streets. However, the system was never designed to allocate scarce street spaces efficiently among neighborhood residents.
Today, over 200,000 vehicles are registered with the RPP program. In many neighborhoods where residential street parking is restricted, open spaces are still nearly impossible to find, especially at peak times. To fix these ongoing problems, DC should learn from the experiences of Seattle, Washington and set more granular prices for RPP stickers.
Data provided by the DMV reveal that over 70% of the nearly 280,000 vehicles registered in the District are part of the RPP program. An additional 3,255 reciprocity permits are issued to diplomats, military personnel, federal appointees, and temporary residents.
Of the total number of RPP permits issued, 75% are assigned to residents of wards 1, 2, 3, and 6. That probably comes as little surprise to residents of those wards who rely on street parking. The overly large parking boundaries do little to prevent same-ward drivers from parking far from their homes, and the low $15 annual cost per permit effectively encourages residents to keep their cars on the street.
Proposals to help alleviate parking woes have included longer enforcement hours, instituting resident-only parking (thus eliminating 2-hour parking for visitors), increasing the number of parking zones, and metering more street spaces near commercial areas. However, these fixes by themselves are merely band-aids.
The fact is that in much of the city there are just too many cars looking for too few spaces, yet changes to the RPP system appear to be near-impossible. Seemingly innocuous steps to alleviate parking demand, such as a proposal earlier this year to charge higher permit fees for multiple-vehicle households, draw intense opposition from some members of the council. What can break the deadlock?
Last year, the City of Seattle implemented a new parking system that increased the number of parking zones (they now have 40 such areas) and started charging households graduated permit fees based on the number of vehicles. But not all residents pay the same rate. Permit fees in each zone range from free to a maximum of $65 every two years in high-demand areas, more than double DC's rate.
The most opposition to DC's plan to charge higher multiple-vehicle permit fees came from representatives of wards that have the least number of RPP holders, which indicates that a one-size-fits-all approach may no longer be viable. Under a system akin to Seattle's, DC would be able to more subtly address the unique needs of individual neighborhoods.
Councilmembers, understandably, do not support higher fees for residents who are not contributing to the parking problems in other neighborhoods. This new proposed system may be more politically viable. Residents of wards without street parking problems would likely see no change to their current permits, and may even see a reduction in fees.
While parking rates would probably not change significantly in half the city's wards, parking-scarce neighborhoods would likely see higher graduated permit fees. Those rates should be priced to better reflect the actual demand for street parking to encourage car owners to find alternate spaces for their vehicles.
As a result, the demand for off-street spaces may rise and developers should be allowed to construct those additional spaces, if they so choose. The key is to find the natural equilibrium in parking demand, rather than keeping fees artificially low.
In order to efficiently price permit rates, the city needs a comprehensive count of the total number of zoned parking spaces. DDOT currently only tracks the total number of RPP blocks, rather than individual spaces. It may be possible to quickly complete this task by asking current parking enforcement officers to count the number of spaces as they work their beats. It would then be possible to better compare vehicle registrations and permits in a given area with the total number of available spaces.
Combined with other proposed actions to reduce the size of the city's parking zones and heightened enforcement, tailoring prices for each community, as Seattle has done, may be the best way to efficiently allocate a scarce public resource among residents.
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by Some Ideas on Sep 8, 2011 3:50 pm • link • report
by Ehren on Sep 8, 2011 3:54 pm • link • report
When we first came to DC and we lived in an apartment in Cleveland Park, my wife was able to commute to Georgetown U. and park within walking distance for free because the same zone wrapped around the back of the University. :)
Also, to Ehren - the parking stickers are specific to the license plate for which they're issued, which has to be a license plate on a car registered to a DC resident in that ward. Call parking enforcement if you like. If they're bored, they'll come out with an on-foot officer.
by Tom on Sep 8, 2011 4:04 pm • link • report
According to the report, some areas of DC have a population of cars that is ten times the number of spaces in that same area.
The report divided DC into 39 RPP zones. It also proposed one-day visitor passes for $5.
by Michael Perkins on Sep 8, 2011 4:07 pm • link • report
I do not understand this. How can the city allow this? It defeats the whole purpose of the program.
by William on Sep 8, 2011 4:12 pm • link • report
http://greatergreaterwashington.org/post/10498/ward-4-wouldnt-suffer-from-graduated-rpp/
"Total cars 137,682"
Now, that data claimed to be from RPP registered cars.
"Today, over 200,000 vehicles are registered with the RPP program. In many neighborhoods where residential street parking is restricted, open spaces are still nearly impossible to find, especially at peak times. To fix these ongoing problems, DC should learn from the experiences of Seattle, Washington and set more granular prices for RPP stickers.
Data provided by the DMV reveal that over 70% of the nearly 280,000 vehicles registered in the District are part of the RPP program
So what is:
137,000
200,00
or 280,000
Just because a car is registered with RPP doesn't mean they use it all the time, correct?
by charlie on Sep 8, 2011 4:20 pm • link • report
It doesn't defeat the "whole purpose" of the program. It only defeats the incentive to seek permit parking on your block because the spaces are taken up by non-residents.
Given that the parking program (rightly or wrongly) is now a ward-wide parking permit, it is not particularly fair to exclude from that only those people on blocks not zoned for RPP.
True, it highlights that reform is needed.
by ah on Sep 8, 2011 4:27 pm • link • report
I don't think you understand. Homeowners can request up to two long-term visitor RPP passes. They are purple, printed on cardstock with a hologram boundary. It is pretty common, at least in my neighborhood for holders to sell them illegally to commuters. I've heard the going rate is $500/year.
by Ehren on Sep 8, 2011 4:35 pm • link • report
http://www.dcwatch.com/govern/dot0312.htm
There's a section specifically about the point of this article:
http://www.dcwatch.com/govern/dot0312.htm#3.4%C2%A0Variability%20of%20Parking%20Issues
by David Alpert on Sep 8, 2011 4:37 pm • link • report
Ehren is referring to the visitor pass pilot program in SW/SE ballpark area (and some other neighborhoods). Each household receives a reusable visitor parking pass dashboard placard good for one year, completely separate from our RPP stickers. I like it because I no longer have to trek down to the police station every time my mother comes to visit. Unfortunately, some people sell and/or rent these passes to people who work at L'Enfant, USDOT, the ballpark, as well as people attending ball games. Incredibly frustrating.
by Birdie on Sep 8, 2011 4:38 pm • link • report
It defeats the purpose and should never have been allowed.
by William on Sep 8, 2011 4:40 pm • link • report
by Birdie on Sep 8, 2011 4:41 pm • link • report
"Over 200,000" and "over 70% of 280,000" are roughly the same number.
As for how that jives with the 137,000 number, I have no idea. Household vs. commercial vehicles?
by MLD on Sep 8, 2011 4:43 pm • link • report
Besides, everyone else in the zone hwith an RPP can "park anywhere in the Ward". How is it un-just that the person who lives on the un-zoned block is given that ability too?
by Tina on Sep 8, 2011 4:52 pm • link • report
So, the earlier (may 2011) GGW report is incorrect, then?
by charlie on Sep 8, 2011 4:52 pm • link • report
by ah on Sep 8, 2011 4:54 pm • link • report
@ah
Then petition to have your block zoned. Otherwise, all you are doing is parking in someone else's residential area, which, again, defeats the purpose.
by William on Sep 8, 2011 5:00 pm • link • report
AFAIK, the ROSA (is that what it's called) guest parking program, was designed for regular visitors to a residence in the Ballpark area (ie. cleaners, maintenance men, in-home nursing, relatives, and the like). From talking to other neighbors, this is often ignored. I know most of those Md./Va.-tagged cars and their owners have nothing to do with any residence, because I see them arriving for work. I work the night shift, so I often return home at 8am, only to find non-residents taking up what would be normally somewhat-spacious, open parking from residents parking overnight and then leaving for the day.
by Ehren on Sep 8, 2011 5:05 pm • link • report
by Patrickneil on Sep 8, 2011 5:12 pm • link • report
by ah on Sep 8, 2011 5:19 pm • link • report
http://dmv.dc.gov/serv/registration/ROSA.shtm
by ah on Sep 8, 2011 5:21 pm • link • report
by Tina on Sep 8, 2011 5:23 pm • link • report
As Birdie said earlier, the purple visitor passes are unique to the ballpark area, and are an experiment (going on 4 years old) of sorts. It seems they are excluded to ROSA policies. I was unable to find any specifics on DC.gov about them. I know there are renters on the street who have been using one of these visitor passes for weeks, if not months at a time, not to mention the commuters.
by Ehren on Sep 8, 2011 5:31 pm • link • report
by Phil on Sep 8, 2011 5:36 pm • link • report
by RosRes on Sep 8, 2011 5:41 pm • link • report
The recommendations from the Williams administration were that RPP parking zones be shrunk to such small areas that most people living in dense neighborhoods would effectively be precluded from finding parking in their zone. I live in an apartment-rich neighborhood in Adams Morgan and from what I remember about the report, I would have been limited to parking in a "zone" that by my count included something like 1,500+ residential units. If that plan had been implemented my odds of finding parking in the zone would have gone down exponentially to something approaching zero.
The needs of dense neighborhoods are for more spaces than on the street - so the zones are big to allow folks to park several blocks away in less dense areas.
What's so inequitable about people in dense neighborhoods getting a shot at parking in less dense areas nearby? Why punish those who live in dense neighborhoods by shrinking their zones or making them pay more while encouraging people in less-dense neighborhoods to have multiple cars by making them pay less?
by Anon2 on Sep 8, 2011 5:42 pm • link • report
by Liam on Sep 8, 2011 5:45 pm • link • report
When I drive over that way I often find a surplus of vacant spaces in the 24/7 Zone 6 areas and almost no vacant spaces in the regular 2-hour exempt spaces.
by Anon2 on Sep 8, 2011 5:48 pm • link • report
In order for this to work as advertized, the price must be comparable to the two-year cost of renting an off-street parking space in each parking zone. In W6 (my neighborhood), spaces rent for about $50/month (varies by location, of course), so the cost would be $1200 for a 2-year sticker. Downtown it will be much higher, like $10,000. Ain't gonna happen.
For the fee considered here, something like $50 for a 2-year sticker, the result is that this will be just another bite on car owners -- each and every one will pony up those few extra bucks to get the sticker. That means there will be just as many cars searching for the same limited parking, and the problem will be just as bad.
by goldfish on Sep 8, 2011 6:09 pm • link • report
This is also being done in parts of Columbia Heights so I think it is possibly beyond the pilot stage. Don't have any additional info beyond that, unfortunately.
by prognostication on Sep 8, 2011 11:10 pm • link • report
http://www.toronto.ca/transportation/onstreet/index.htm#type
Permit fees vary according to a priority system based on need as reflected below:
No access to on-site parking for resident's first vehicle:
$13.15/month plus HST
No access to on-site parking for resident's second and any subsequent vehicles:
$32.87/month plus HST
Resident does have access to on-site parking (permit is for convenience):
$46.02/month plus HST
by Richard Layman on Sep 9, 2011 7:25 am • link • report
by Dave on Sep 9, 2011 8:18 am • link • report
Not necessarily. Your own reserved space has a much higher value than a "right" to a space somewhere on a street in the general vicinity of your house.
Anyway, the general thrust of this article is right on. But I think for political reasons it needs to be a two-step process. First, move from ward-based zones to neighborhood based zones. Get that settled.
Then, once there's a better handle on that, you can move towards some sort of scarcity pricing.
by ah on Sep 9, 2011 8:57 am • link • report
by goldfish on Sep 9, 2011 9:23 am • link • report
by Denis James on Sep 9, 2011 9:24 am • link • report
I believe that parst of Capitol Hill does the 2 hour exempt and zone-only parking set up for the same reasons the ballpark neighborhoods do: because it's very popular with non-residents and they are trying to make on-street parking as difficult as possible for them to use it. My street near the ballpark has the same set up (as well as a whole bunch of "Local Traffic Only" signs). The idea is non-residents who are not in the neighborhood to visit residents should be parking at meters or pay-to-park lots.
Unfortunately in the ballpark area, enforcement is rather lax and when I did have a car, it could be a struggle to find parking on game days. That goes double if the opposing team was the Phillies or Mets.
by Birdie on Sep 9, 2011 10:07 am • link • report
Last time I checked, most of River Road had RPP, so the information you have is partially incorrect. There are parts of commercial corridors that are not zoned, but given rush hour restrictions and commercial turnover needs, that makes sense.
Why should some people in a ward enjoy this while others do not? Because some people live in congested areas while others do not. Those who do not do not need the ability to park in another neighborhood for more than two hours. If you live on a street that is not zoned, and it gets parked up by commuters, then the residents of that street should move to get the street zoned. It does not mean that if you are a resident of that block, you should get a zone sticker so you can park in another neighborhood. As I already typed, that defeats the purpose.
If that means making the zone areas smaller, instead of by Ward, that should be fine.
by William on Sep 9, 2011 10:19 am • link • report
by idea on Sep 9, 2011 10:44 am • link • report
Your insistence that people who live on a street, or the part of a street, thats not zoned should be denied an RPP would be unfair and unjust to those people, which is why they are not denied.
by Tina on Sep 9, 2011 11:10 am • link • report
by Anon2 on Sep 9, 2011 11:15 am • link • report
http://www.infosnack.org/2008/10/parking-efficiency-and-abandoned-cars.html
by Michael Perkins on Sep 9, 2011 12:15 pm • link • report
by snowpeas on Sep 9, 2011 12:43 pm • link • report
The R in RPP is for residential. If you are not a resident of that block, then you are not entitled to park there for more than two hours for free. If there is a problem at 44th and River, then the residents of that area ought to talk to Damon Harvey and or Mary Cheh and resolve it by granting the street RPP zoning. But someone who lives at 44th and River will, if I know the neighborhood, simply drive 5 blocks so they are parked closer to the Friendship Heights or Tenleytown metro stations - all day. This then makes it harder for patrons of businesses etc to utilize that space.
by William on Sep 9, 2011 2:00 pm • link • report
no William, you did not understand me correctly. I said, briefly, an RPP is necessary to park in your own neighborhood when there are no spots directly in front of your house. In your own neighborhood 1 block away on a different street.
Do you really think everyone always and only parks in front of there own house all the time? Do you? Its very very common to park around the corner, on a different street in your own neighborhood.
So if I understand you correctly you think "one block away on a different street" is a different neighborhood?
Look, there is some regulatory reason related to public safety and/or transportation that prevents River Rd from being RPP zoned. MC can't do a damn thing about it. And my friend walks to the metro. Besides, if you knew the area you would know that parking is metered for 2-3 blocks around the metro. Thats why River Rd. fills up with MD/VA commuters -who park there and walk to the metro/Wisc. Ave bus.
by Tina on Sep 9, 2011 2:30 pm • link • report
by Tina on Sep 9, 2011 2:37 pm • link • report
I am not sure what the issue for your example is, but generally speaking, residential parking permits are for residents of an area to be able to park in areas which are high demand for other reasons (amenities, metro etc). Residents of a block have the right to petition DDOT to zone their street for RPP. There are obvious exceptions such as public safety, commercial zones etc. If the 4300 block of River has RPP, there is no reason why the other blocks up to around GDS shouldn't either.
But, that is up to the residents.
by William on Sep 9, 2011 3:39 pm • link • report
So if someone who lives at 4419 River parks on Ellicott or 44th b/c there are no vacant spots on River from 44th -46th, do you consider that parking "in another neighborhood"?
by Tina on Sep 9, 2011 3:53 pm • link • report
by William on Sep 9, 2011 4:01 pm • link • report
by Allison on Sep 10, 2011 3:28 pm • link • report
by Tricia on Sep 16, 2011 11:51 am • link • report
by thm on Sep 16, 2011 2:19 pm • link • report
Thank you for your response.
by Ms. NoWhereToPark on Dec 12, 2011 8:23 pm • link • report
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