Preservation
Historic committee favors addition atop historic rowhouse
Additional floors on top of historic rowhouses, sometimes called "pop-ups," are one of the most reviled modifications outside historic districts. And for good reason: they're typically ugly, cheap, and stick out like sore thumbs not just for their height but for the use of materials totally incompatible with the old houses.
Meanwhile, local historic boards are also known for being stalwart opponents of nearly all change, no matter how meritorious. After all, they typically attract people who like the neighborhood exactly the way it is and would just as soon it stayed exactly the same forever.
Therefore, it might be particularly surprising that the Dupont Circle Conservancy, the neighborhood historic review organization in the Dupont Circle neighborhood, endorsed an addition of a third floor atop a historic rowhouse at the corner of 15th and S, NW.
They would never approve anything even remotely like the ugly monstrosity in the picture to the right, but not all additions have to look that way. They wouldn't even approve an addition to most houses. But historic review can ensure that additions don't look like that, while at least in limited circumstances, allowing the growth of the buildings themselves.
The attitudes among preservationists for and against this change highlight two different philosophies of preservation, and the DCC's support for this change reveals an evolution in preservation in DC from one to the other.
Most blocks in the area have larger apartment or commercial buildings at the corners, or else grander rowhouse-sized buildings whose longer sides form the main, front entrance (like the southwest corner of 17th and S). When the entrance is on the short side, the building is often still more distinctive, taller, or otherwise anchors the row.
1641

1461 S Street, NW viewed from 15th Street. Image from Lawlor Architects.
1641


1461 S Street (left) and the house across S (right). Photos from Lawlor Architects.
The property owner proposes to add a similar mansard roof, but with more curvature. She also wants to remove some of the rear addition to get the property down to the allowed lot occupancy, but extend the second and third floors to the rear to match the size of the first.
She would also add a bay along the 15th Street side, add windows, redo the wall along the rear yard to include brick, and rebuild the garage as an office, removing the vehicular entrance to 15th.
The house currently has multiple kitchens to allow being used as multiple units, but the owner says she and her family will occupy the entire house. She has elderly relatives she takes care of, and wants the space to accommodate them as well.
Houses of 3 stories plus a basement are very common in the area and allowed by zoning. Should historic preservation forbid the addition anyway? Is this house historically low?
Some argue it is. The third floor would not be original, and therefore not historic. This view of historic preservation holds that whatever has been, is historic, and the job of preservation is to keep historic things the way they are ("preserved.")
The HPO staff report comes down against the addition on the grounds that HPRB has traditionally not allowed additions that modify the roofline. And, in fact, HPRB has not.
Should that be an absolute rule? The Conservancy members didn't think so. In a resolution, which I wrote, they said,
While we feel that a third story addition visible from the street should only be allowed in extraordinary circumstances, the role of this building in the larger historic district and in relation to the other corners as an anchor building justifies an exception. We feel that this project would enhance the overall character of 15th Street and therefore support the project as presented.I and other supporters argued a different view from "historic is what's existing, and preservation is about keeping what's historic the same." Instead, look at the spirit of the historic district. The U Street Historic District (which this property is in, though it's in the Dupont Circle neighborhood by most measures), as well as the adjacent Strivers' Section and Dupont Circle districts, are characterized by 2- and 3-story brick row houses and elegant corner buildings.
Right now, this house looks to be an anomaly, a missing piece in the historic fabric. If this project went forward, the historic district would seem more complete. It would fulfill what seems to be the original architectural intent of the area. And passerby would assume that this house originally had the third floor, if it's done right.
This isn't like the vinyl pop-ups of Petworth which clearly look to be incompatible. This makes the house appear more compatible.
That requires high quality materials and good workmanship. It's appropriate, and necessary, for the Conservancy, HPO, and HPRB to carefully monitor plans as they progress toward being final to ensure that this addition is of the highest quality and does look compatible with other, similar historic roofs.
DC's preservation movement has been declining in numbers and strength. The citywide historic groups do not get the numbers they once did at their events. Yet historic preservation is a valuable part of DC and shouldn't fall by the wayside. Instead, we need to redefine it in a way that works with, instead of against, sustainability, urbanism, Smart Growth, and the overall value of growing DC.
These needn't be mutually exclusive. Allowing a third floor on this house while requiring the strictest adherence to architectural quality and historically compatible materials is a great way to advance all of these goals, and to improve the overall look of the neighborhood at the same time.
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Interesting article on balancing conflicting pressures.
by Fritz on Jul 21, 2010 3:05 pm • link • report
"And passerby would assume that this house. "
"Under Tersh Boasberg . But the preservation movement has been declining in numbers and strength."
Also, I believe this is 1461 S Street NW, not 1641.
by Eric on Jul 21, 2010 3:10 pm • link • report
I would have extended the third floor across the whole structure though but its fine this way to.
by kk on Jul 21, 2010 3:21 pm • link • report
by Anon on Jul 21, 2010 3:22 pm • link • report
by Lance on Jul 21, 2010 3:23 pm • link • report
Eric is correct the house is actually 1461 S street, not 1641.
I lived in 1461 S Street for three years until I moved to my current residence in Mt. Pleasant about a year ago. 1461 is a wonderful and historic house (http://www.culturaltourismdc.org/node/1274). During my time at what we lovingly refered to as the "big blue house" I always admired the house across the street and I would love to see 1461 match its neighbor across the street.
I do not know the woman who lives there now but it seems to me from the plans posted on GGW that the proposed construction would be a wonderful addition not only to the house but to the neighborhood as a whole.
by Sam on Jul 21, 2010 3:23 pm • link • report
It looks like a good design and a fair solution. In other words: miraculous.
by dano on Jul 21, 2010 3:30 pm • link • report
And Lance, if there is no off-street garage, the occupants will have less incentive to own a car in the first place. That's really taking a car off the road.
by Dave Murphy on Jul 21, 2010 3:32 pm • link • report
The operative word here should be 'in keeping with the neighborhood' vs. 'elegant'. The role of historic preservation isn't to act as judge and jury of what is 'nice looking' or 'not nice looking' ... but to ensure that the things that brought people to a neighborhood tend to remain unchanged. And that includes the general 'look, feel, and quality' of a historic neighborhood. If 'elegant' is a part of that neighborhoods defining elements, then by all means it's okay to ensure that the addition looks 'elegant' ... But subjective as that word is (i.e. my 'elegant' might be very different from your 'elegant') it's best just to use similar properties in similar circumstances in the neighborhood as a guide ... as this architect has so appropriately done.
Historic preservation really is an art and not science. Those who don't understand that fall into the trap of thinking it is all about preserving buildings or facades ... and lose fact of the guts of historic preservation which is really all about preserving the essence of a neighborhood (or building) for the people that are there now and those to come. It's not really about the bricks and motar .... but how those bricks and motars shape the lives of the men and women who in turn shape the shape (and layout) of the bricks and motar ...
by Lance on Jul 21, 2010 3:42 pm • link • report
Most blocks in DC were built, originally, with a variety of styles, sizes, and configurations of homes. These were probably governed by little other than the geography and the desires of the builders. Their charm is this diversity - not the uniformity.
The purpose should be to preserve the character of the neighborhoods - not the exact blueprints of the 100 year old building.
This looks like a lovely 3rd story addition that fits well with the character of traditional DC architecture. I can think of no reason to oppose it.
by Jamie on Jul 21, 2010 3:56 pm • link • report
+1
by Adam L on Jul 21, 2010 4:00 pm • link • report
Really, we need to retire the use of the phrase "historic preservation," and instead focus on preserving the fabric and architectural consistency of existing neighborhoods. My house was built during WWII, and is therefore considered historic. However, its flat brick facade could hardly even be considered architecture. Adding a third story and various Victorian-style embellishments would actually help it blend in more with the surrounding buildings. Historic preservation laws shouldn't prevent that from happening.
As much as I like plugging the holes, I think that ANCs should have the power to make sure that new buildings and additions are consistent with the existing neighborhood. The building's owners and the Dupont Conservancy seem to have done their homework here!
Meanwhile, the "non-historic" areas of capitol hill continue to erode.... The new development on the 800 Block of H St looks promising, especially considering that the developer, the city, and the nearby residents do seem to be having productive talks that will hopefully result in the project being built in a way that fits in with the existing neighborhood.
(Obviously, it would also be bad if the developers were entirely deterred. Although I share the concerns on building height, the existing strip mall on that site is far worse than anything being proposed.)
by andrew on Jul 21, 2010 4:13 pm • link • report
by Reid on Jul 21, 2010 4:14 pm • link • report
by Anon on Jul 21, 2010 4:15 pm • link • report
Wanted to comment on this from the Conservancy. This is a problem.
There are many situations where a third-story popup would be an eyesore. Almost any third-story addition in the middle of a row of similar or staggered-styled two-story houses would probably be a problem.
But for every block that was designed with such uniformity to begin with, and still has it today, there is another one that does not. Many blocks have other construction that has already destroyed such uniformity, or maybe it never existed to begin with. A third-story addition, if well designed, could very much be an asset and not a detriment in those also common situations.
The review process does itself no favors with a de-facto opposition to any addition that is visible from the street. It invites circumventing the process, and inhibits investment in neighborhoods. If the process was reasonable it would do a lot more good overall.
by Jamie on Jul 21, 2010 4:18 pm • link • report
The process is subjective by nature. Your complaint is principally that you can't do what you want, but someone else can. Being subjective, it's not necessarily fair.
But it's not hard to understand this from the perspective of a homeowner in such a district. Just assume that you cannot build such structures and you won't be disappointed. You knew the rules going in, and you knew, most likely, you wouldn't be able to do this, even as a few lucky people might.
by Jamie on Jul 21, 2010 4:22 pm • link • report
by Anon on Jul 21, 2010 4:40 pm • link • report
It's not a matter of the Historic Review board thinking it's cute ... or even elegant. It's a matter of them thinking it's something that is appropriate for the neighborhood. Yes, that may mean that you can't put up a cheaply built vinyl addition .... and I guess that is the bad news if that is what you wanted to do ... But the good news is that you can indeed 'go bigger' ... you just have to do it in a way that doesn't impinge on your neighbors ... as those vinyl sided popups tend to do. And like Jamie said, when people buy into a HD they know what they're buying into. Yes, they give up some unilateral decision making capability regarding the property they're buying, but in exchange they get more surety about what their neighbors are going to be doing (or not doing as the case may be.)
by Lance on Jul 21, 2010 4:47 pm • link • report
Why don't you work with the board to figure this out? Tell them your idea. See if it flies. Draw up some preliminary plans. It's not a guessing game, and it shouldn't take much time or money to get to a point where you can see if it's going to fly or not.
by Jamie on Jul 21, 2010 4:51 pm • link • report
by Jimble on Jul 21, 2010 4:59 pm • link • report
by Anon on Jul 21, 2010 5:00 pm • link • report
by Anon on Jul 21, 2010 5:05 pm • link • report
Seriously, from everything I've read, the CP historical board sounds pretty unfortunate too. Move to Columbia Heights, over here, there's no historical board. Hell, most people don't even get permits at all before knocking down 100 year old structures.
by Jamie on Jul 21, 2010 5:11 pm • link • report
First, I don't know this owner and I don't think greased palms or personal interactions had anything to do with it. Personally, I just decided based on what I thought was right.
Second, this is just the opinion of a totally advisory neighborhood group. The real decision is HPRB's and they will decide tomorrow. And their staff have recommended denying this.
Finally, the Board changes over time. Tersh Boasberg's HPRB was much less interested in accommodating projects. Maybe you could find approval too, today. I don't know the details. And your Mt.P historic board may be a lot less accommodating than Dupont's, but if they are, they're still only advisory too.
by David Alpert on Jul 21, 2010 5:28 pm • link • report
by Paul on Jul 21, 2010 6:01 pm • link • report
by Julie on Jul 21, 2010 6:03 pm • link • report
If your Mt. Pleasant house was a part of a row of nearly identical structures with a consistent roof line, then I can see why that would be denied, as compared to the proposal in this blog entry. Every proposal has some nuance which distinguishes it from another, which is why this can be tricky.
Credit Mr. Boasberg for doing what he could to apply as much consistency to the process during his tenure on the Board.
The HPO/HPRB did undertake a study in recent years to codify the guidelines for basement access in Mount Pleasant. Perhaps, if there is interest, the residents of the community can ask the HPO to develop guidelines for compatible rooftop additions, if they don't already exist.
by Andrew on Jul 21, 2010 6:06 pm • link • report
Stepped back additions that don't show from the street are already allowed. Now additions to the front are being allowed if they're mansards. That means on top of the mansard there can be yet another addition that is stepped back. Mansards may be attractive but that doesn't mean every house in every historic district should have one added. 2 story rows like the one this house is in, as well as the south side of the 1400 block of T, are unique and should be preserved. They won't be of course because there's more money in additional stories.
Personally I'd rather additions be modern and neutral so as to not alter the historic structures and to allow architecture as an art. Allowing anything that "looks historicy" may be "pretty" in a suburban faux Victorian way.
But it's just pastiche. Not preservation.
by Tom Coumaris on Jul 21, 2010 7:58 pm • link • report
by Fritz on Jul 21, 2010 8:30 pm • link • report
I support your personal rights as a homeowner. It is your property that you paid for, you should be able to do with it as you please as long as it does not impinge on the rights of other surrounding property owners. You probably wanted more space for a growing family and in stead of fleeing to the suburbs you decided to a remain a DC resident. How about we thank you for supporting the local economy? Not to mention you are giving yourself a better quality of life. It is easy people to complain from a distance.
On another note, interestingly enough the house in this article (New Hampshire@Upshur) was redone completely so it looks nothing like it originally did...
by Sivad on Jul 21, 2010 9:28 pm • link • report
S Street has a listserv? What is it?
by Will on Jul 21, 2010 10:24 pm • link • report
I unfortunately wasn't at the Conservancy's meeting this month as I was out of town. But I'm surprised they would have supported this house IF it truly is the only pop-up on the block. They would know better. There must be a misunderstanding somewhere. No one would ever agree to an additional level in a row where all the other houses are a lower level.
by Lance on Jul 22, 2010 12:14 am • link • report
For this reason, in my opinion, one mansard on the corner on the north side, if done right, will not disturb the historic fabric of the block. If others follow, it will just look more like the south side.
by Steve on Jul 22, 2010 12:47 am • link • report
by Tom Coumaris on Jul 22, 2010 12:52 am • link • report
What caught my eye was the mention that she cares for elderly relatives. How wonderful! As my family members started passing away, I kept getting more and more upset that I was losing more and more of my family's history. I interviewed my parents, oral history-style, and ended up transcribing those interviews. A few years later I got ambitious and collected some old photos and had books published of my family history. That has now morphed into a much more polished business, Life History Books - www.LifeHistoryBooks.com - which I run with personal historians scattered around the U.S. and England. We put together memoirs at an affordable price, with as little as four hours of interview time resulting in a 40-60 page book.
I'm very proud of what we're doing, and just wanted to share.
by Corina on Jul 22, 2010 5:49 am • link • report
by Thayer-D on Jul 22, 2010 7:27 am • link • report
by Anon on Jul 22, 2010 9:54 am • link • report
You seem focused on "fairness" but every single property is unique and needs to be treated as such. Is it fair if you have a streetlight in front of your house? What if you are on an end unit and there's no alley access to your house for rear parking, should you be allowed to have a curb cut because everyone else on your block has an alley-accessible backyard? What if your nextdoor neighbor lets their property deteriorate, is that "fair" to you? What if someone builds a tall structure near your house that blocks your view? What if the city puts a low-income housing project in your neighborhood?
Life is not fair, you shouldn't expect it to be so. Every single situation is unique and one size definitely does not fit all when it comes to this sort of thing.
by Jamie on Jul 22, 2010 10:01 am • link • report
So if Anon has previously been shot down by HPRB, maybe the best advice for future success would be to go for more of a vinyl siding look. That seems to fly pretty well.
by Will on Jul 22, 2010 10:13 am • link • report
by Anon on Jul 22, 2010 10:32 am • link • report
While we wait, if a historic district is defined as a neighborhood of 2 and 3 story rowhouses, and all the 2 story ones are allowed to pop-up to 3 stories, do you still have a neighborhood of 2 and 3 story rohwouses?
by crin on Jul 22, 2010 10:33 am • link • report
I am arguing that, in principle, there should be no expectation that just because one homeowner can do something, every other one should be able to do the same thing.
On the other hand, two homeowners in nearly identical situations probably should be able to do the same thing. This is consistency, though, and I absolutely think the process should be consistent. But that is not the same as "fairness."
by Jamie on Jul 22, 2010 10:39 am • link • report
This house is a case in point. It was the home of Georgia Johnson and many Harlem Renaissance writers, including Langston Hughes, gave readings there. Georgia Johnson did not live in a grand mansion with mansard roof and fancy rear additions. She lived in a humble two story.
The 15th Street side is a blank slate and like other empty spaces I'd appreciate the opportunity for innovative and attractive modern architecture. This would also preserve the distinction of what was the original house. I know this goes against the insistence on either imitation Victorian or blandness in historic districts in DC but it's where we've lost our way.
by Tom Coumaris on Jul 22, 2010 11:29 am • link • report
by crin on Jul 22, 2010 12:29 pm • link • report
by Jamie on Jul 22, 2010 12:32 pm • link • report
by Lance on Jul 22, 2010 12:36 pm • link • report
What if the alternative to getting the space the family wants is moving to a larger house in the suburbs?
by ah on Jul 22, 2010 12:40 pm • link • report
@ Ah, you presume they work in the city and not the suburbs. You presume this is a growing family rather than just a single person who wants a bigger house. Once you have to start making derivative presumptions like that to determine what is "sustainable" you're no longer talking about historic preservation. Which is the my larger critique of the original article. Historic preservation and sustainability are often complimentary but there's no reason why historic preservation needs to be "redefined" so it fits within the cathedral of sustainability.
by crin on Jul 22, 2010 1:41 pm • link • report
Unfortunately, that has nothing to do with the question at hand: what is the average number of people in 2 story versus 3 story structure in a city?
I couldn't easily answer this question by googling, but it seems pretty intuitive. Few people can comfortably raise a family in a 2 bedroom house, and a small one in a 3 bedroom house. But a 3 level house will have at least 4 bedrooms, and also is more likely to have a separate basement unit since there's more living are on the upper levels. As population density increases, single-family homes are frequently converted to condos with one unit per floor, meaning a 3-level house could have 4 versus 3 units.
by Jamie on Jul 22, 2010 1:49 pm • link • report
"Architecture properly is an art and neither modern art nor architecture should be banned in favor of constant imitation." Immitation is in the eye of the beholder. Your insistance on "real" modernism over "fake Victorians" is puzzling since the Modernist style is well over 80 years old now. Fair enough that it's not your cup of tea, but with that attitude, it seems that everything would be fake. Talk about loosing your way.
by Thayer-D on Jul 22, 2010 4:25 pm • link • report
You're looking at it in terms of 'old' vs. 'new' (I think). And 'old' vs. 'new' doesn't have much to do with 'historic preservation.' It's not the bricks and motar we're seeking to preserve, but instead the lifestyle/workstyle/living style they make possible.
by Lance on Jul 22, 2010 4:54 pm • link • report
by Tom Coumaris on Jul 22, 2010 6:36 pm • link • report
I see your point. Where I think you confuse things is when you call a neo-victorian in a victorian neighborhood a pastiche or a disneyfied replica. Can I assume if one where to build a mid-century modern replica on K street, you would throw the disneyland pastiche lable also? I'm not so sure. When they built Colonial Revival townhomes in Georgetown between the 1890's and 1920's, where they described as pastiche, or where they scrutinized on their own terms with-in their context? What style one preferes is entirely subjective, but when one applies different standards to different styles, I'm not so sure your argument holds up. Like I said earlier, immitation like beauty, is in the eye of the beholder, but if that's your primary focus in criticizing new projects, (I think) you are missing the bigger picture.
What does immitation have to do with "the lifestyle/workstyle/living style they make possible"? By in large, lay people could care less about that issue. Following this blog you'll see that many peoples response to a mid-century revival isn't that it immitates a past era, it's just that it's another (by and large)deadening, banal glass box. It's time to move on from this obsession with originality and focus on quality in any style.
by Thayer-D on Jul 23, 2010 6:59 am • link • report
by Anon on Jul 23, 2010 9:23 am • link • report
by Julie on Jul 23, 2010 9:52 am • link • report
by Thayer-D on Jul 23, 2010 10:06 am • link • report
by Anon on Jul 23, 2010 10:30 am • link • report
The point here is that Julie was hoping they'd do just exactly what you're proposing ... but for her. The HPRB was fait .. or at least consistent.
I own in this same historic district. I'm under the same constraints. Now, would it be fair/consistent if I'd bought my house with those same constraints and THEN managed to get HBRB to make an exception for me? Had those constraints not been in effect, you can bet Julie would have paid at least 1/3 more for her home. I.e., The 'market' would have had the house price out at exactly it's worth were that extra floor built. As it stands, because people (and more importantly the HPRB) will have sympathy for her situation, she can most likely NOW get an easy variance for the lot coverage and build the same (or probably more) square footage of space on to that house than if she'd never tried to get that Mansard roof .... She's not in a bad position ...
by Lance on Jul 24, 2010 1:16 am • link • report
by Lance on Jul 24, 2010 1:17 am • link • report
by IMGoph on Jul 25, 2010 8:46 am • link • report
by Elli D. on Aug 31, 2010 12:52 pm • link • report
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