Transit
Ride The Tide of light rail, Virginia Beach
Just 6 months after opening, Virginia's first light rail transit system, located in Norfolk, is already exceeding ridership expectations. Now it's time for the Commonwealth's largest city, Virginia Beach, to hop aboard and extend the light rail all the way to the Atlantic oceanfront.
Dubbed "The Tide," South Hampton Roads' light rail system made its debut in Norfolk on August 19, 2011. The initial $338 million segment, operated by the regional transit agency, Hampton Roads Transit (HRT), is 7.4-miles, has 11 stops, and is currently located only within Norfolk's city limits.
The system connects Norfolk State University, the downtown central business district, Harbor Park (minor league baseball stadium), and the region's premier medical center complex, including Eastern Virginia Medical School, Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, and the Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters.
I had the opportunity to experience the Tide's inaugural weekend while visiting my parents in my hometown of Virginia Beach. We were among the over 75,000 people who boarded the trains during the first three days, when HRT was running a free promotion to introduce the community to the new light rail system.
Initial weekday ridership during the first year was projected to be only 2,900. However, the 6-month data shows that those early projections have been blown away. About 4,642 people ride The Tide during an average weekday. An even higher number Virginia Beach wary of light rail, but preserving its options
Originally, HRT had planned for The Tide to extend from downtown Norfolk all the way to the Virginia Beach oceanfront, along an abandoned Norfolk-Southern rail right-of-way. However, the transit agency needed the consent of both cities to move forward, and Beach residents voted down the proposal in 1999. Therefore, Norfolk proceeded on its own.
In recent years, however, the resort city has signaled that it may be warming up to the idea of light rail. For example, Virginia Beach's 2009 Comprehensive Plan adopted a new urban growth strategy that is designed to direct the majority of the city's future growth to 8 defined "strategic growth areas" (SGAs). Six of these SGAs are located along the city's portion of the abandoned Norfolk-Southern right-of-way currently used by The Tide in Norfolk. The comprehensive plan even gives a positive mention to light rail as an "alternative transportation" option.
In 2010, Virginia Beach contributed the $15 million in matching funds necessary to purchase the 10.6 mile stretch of Norfolk-Southern right-of-way which runs from the city's Newtown Road border with Norfolk to Birdneck Road in Virginia Beach Tide promises a "tsunami" of smart growth possibilities for region
For The Tide to become the truly regional transit system it was intended to be, it must extend to the Virginia Beach oceanfront. The resort city's portion of the abandoned Norfolk-Southern railway corridor has already been identified in the Hampton Roads Regional Transit Vision Plan as a priority rapid transit extension corridor.
HRT has begun a federally required transit extension study / alternatives analysis to determine what mode of rapid transit, if any, is appropriate for the corridor. The four alternatives being considered are (1) doing nothing; (2) enhancing local bus service; (3) building a bus rapid transit (BRT) line; and (4) extending The Tide's light rail line.
According to the study, an extension of The Tide light rail system to the Virginia Beach oceanfront would bring approximately 1.1 million square feet of residential and commercial development within a quarter-mile of the corridor, or 90,000 SF per corridor mile The study anticipates that the Beach extension of The Tide would have 8 stations, all of which lie within the city's 2009 Comprehensive Plan-designated strategic growth areas.
After being inspired by my inaugural Tide ride in Norfolk, and prior to looking at any planning documents, I decided to create my own map of potential Virginia Beach light rail stations. Based solely on my knowledge of the area from growing up there, I was able to identify all 8 of the stations that HRT recommended in its study, plus a ninth one (at North Plaza Trail). Here's my map:
In April 2011, HRT suspended the Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study until it could get 9-12 months of actual ridership data from The Tide's initial Norfolk segment. Having now obtained 6 of those 9-12 months of data, HRT should have no problem concluding that regional ridership will support the extension of light rail to the Beach.
Particularly in light of Amtrak's recent announcement that its popular Northeast Regional trains will directly service Norfolk's Harbor Park by the end of 2012, it makes even more sense to extend The Tide to Virginia Beach. That way, tourists and business travelers from as far north as Boston could seamlessly travel to most of the region's prime destinations without ever having to rent a car.
To paraphrase (in a shamelessly corny way) an early 1980s Blondie hit, The Tide is High
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by Fitz on Feb 20, 2012 2:25 pm • link • report
by J.D. Hammond on Feb 20, 2012 2:42 pm • link • report
Glad to hear Tidewater is now part of Greater Washington. Today Norfolk, Tomorrow the world!
by charlie on Feb 20, 2012 2:46 pm • link • report
The Tide is no deal.
by RS on Feb 20, 2012 2:47 pm • link • report
You can't base your conclusion only on ticket prices. Public transit, when designed properly, can significantly increase surrounding property values as well the quality of life of system users and beneficiaries.
by Nicoli on Feb 20, 2012 3:03 pm • link • report
by selxic on Feb 20, 2012 3:06 pm • link • report
Freight = industrial area = blight and low density.
The line certainly wouldnt serve anything of use NOW. In 20 years, perhaps, but it's a gamble.
by JJJJJ on Feb 20, 2012 4:27 pm • link • report
So where did the 2,900 number come from, such that 4,642 per weekday is exceeding forecasts?
by Kevin C on Feb 20, 2012 4:45 pm • link • report
The 6,000-12,000 number is probably the forecast for 30 years out. The EIS would have more detail. Anyway, the first year forecast was for 2,900 rides/day.
by Matt Johnson on Feb 20, 2012 4:59 pm • link • report
by Canaan on Feb 20, 2012 5:10 pm • link • report
by RADD on Feb 20, 2012 5:22 pm • link • report
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_light_rail_systems_by_ridership
...which includes a great "ridership per mile" stat that nicely captures how dense ridership is. (After all, 35,000 daily passengers on the 12-mile Hiawatha line represnts a success in the way that 35,000 daily passengers on the 42-mile San Jose system does not.) The Tide has the lowest ridership per mile of any modern light rail system other than DMU systems in south Jersey and San Diego, which really are different animals.
Ridership does always go up after these sytems have been in place for a while, but it does sound like putting the Tide mostly on freight track has hurt ridership.
by jfruh on Feb 20, 2012 5:29 pm • link • report
by Bradley Heard on Feb 20, 2012 6:06 pm • link • report
That higher projection appears to be for future steady state operations. Not for operations in the first year.
Wonder if this light rail success downstate will convince folks to try light rail in NOVA. Maybe along 7, connecting Tysons with Old Town, via 7 Corners and Baileys?
by Falls Church on Feb 20, 2012 6:20 pm • link • report
by JAY on Feb 20, 2012 8:10 pm • link • report
by Steve K on Feb 20, 2012 8:18 pm • link • report
by Robert C on Feb 20, 2012 8:38 pm • link • report
Light rail in Virginia Beach makes little sense anyway. While every single Southern "city" north of Orlando has a low population density (less than 5,000/sq. mi.), Virginia Beach's is a joke at 1,713/sq. mi. (Norfolk's is 4,363/sq. mi.)
Instead of wasting federal dollars adding to light rail in Hampton Roads (if the state wants to pay for it that's fine, but I seriously doubt looking at the solid control of Republicans in Richmond), projects in more suitable urban areas on the West Coast and in the Northeast should get the funds instead.
by Richard Ayotte on Feb 20, 2012 8:43 pm • link • report
by Wesley on Feb 20, 2012 8:54 pm • link • report
It is fairly simple - you may not have noticed that Amtrak service is returning to Norfolk at a Tide light rail stop. Currently, the largest Naval base in the world is in Norfolk. There is a significant demand to have alternative transit options for military personnel in and around the region - including DC, where many must travel regularly. Soon they will be able to take the Tide to the Amtrak station and be in DC in 4 hours and in two years within 2 hours. It makes sense to extend the Tide to the Naval base and to the Oceanfront as well as Naval Station Oceana which is near the route. Your population density is disingenuous because Virginia Beach is geographically huge but the population is not dispersed evenly throughout the region. They are quite compacted along corridors with Interstate access - and that Norfolk Southern right of way.
by Wesley on Feb 20, 2012 9:00 pm • link • report
The extension of The Tide to Norfolk Naval Base is already identified as a priority corridor, same as the extension to the Va. Beach oceanfront. I hadn't seen any documents describing the proposed alignment to the naval base, but I assume it would just go from Ft. Norfolk/Medical Ctr., straight up Hampton Blvd, stopping in Ghent (maybe at 21st St), ODU (maybe at 46th St), Larchmont (maybe at Surrey Crescent), W. Little Creek/Meadow Brook, and then the Naval Base (maybe at the B/Seabee intersection). Is that not correct? That 6-mile journey also seems to be the most direct route.
by Bradley Heard on Feb 20, 2012 9:34 pm • link • report
by Wesley on Feb 20, 2012 9:59 pm • link • report
For those who say the southern cities do not deserve rail discount all those who are rethinking transportation patterns. With gas already high at this time of year and breaking records with price points, a lot of people will be rethinking car trips. Also, let's add in road maintenance, which a lot of cities and states are turning to tolls to use, which cause hardship in some cases where people were not used to toll trips, but have to (i.e. here in NC with the Triangle Expressway).
Can't wait to visit again and see how the Tide works in action.
by Kristen on Feb 20, 2012 10:37 pm • link • report
You bring up something counterintuitive. You'd think that mass transit like light rail would only happen in the most dense cities. But, the thing is that light rail can make sense along a particular spine of density or suitability, even if an area at-large may not be that suitable for transit. So, you can have seemingly odd things like successful light rail in a low density city, if it's in the right place. It also helps if that suitable route hooks into a larger network of transit.
by Falls Church on Feb 20, 2012 10:46 pm • link • report
by Bradley Heard on Feb 20, 2012 11:13 pm • link • report
by Wesley on Feb 20, 2012 11:22 pm • link • report
by FrankD on Feb 21, 2012 7:42 am • link • report
by Wesley on Feb 21, 2012 8:19 am • link • report
As Mr Hammond stated, I agree that in order for mass transit to really work in Hampton Roads it needs to run to the main Navy base, which is both the largest employer in the region and the home of many young sailors who can't afford individual vehicles. (We both used to live there, and Mr Hammond studied mass transit in Tidewater extensively during his collegiate studies.)
I used to live in Hampton Roads too, much of it spent working with the Navy plus all the ex-Chiefs who were co-workers. I'm not sure how much interaction you had with young sailors, but in my time spent with them the issue with regards to affordability of a vehicle was the least of their concerns. Pretty much across the board young sailors showed a preference to blow $20k-$30k saved up during deployment or wreck their credit (countless hours of money counseling with Chiefs be damned) to get that shiny new Mustang or full size truck rather than save up. I guess it's easier to do so when you can just live on the ship or get a crappy apartment.
I think working The Tide towards N.O.B. would be beneficial for south Hampton Roads, but alleviating vehicle affordability for sailors isn't something that's going to raise incentives to use it.
by Fitz on Feb 21, 2012 9:37 am • link • report
I think it was Mayor Paul Fraim (lives in West Norfolk) who suggested swinging the train out over the river to bypass the congested parts, and then come back into the city around ODU. That route is great for ODU and all points above it, but it avoids properly serving much of West Ghent. It'd be worse than having a line run down an out of the way freight route.
More than likely the navy base will first be served by the line that will come from the airport. That route has it's own host of issues, but it'd be much better to implement than a line running through West Norfolk.
by blueblu on Feb 21, 2012 10:36 am • link • report
It is a problem everywhere: Transit saves people money, and connects them to jobs, and with their money from their job and their savings they buy....a car. This reality is already built into most transit systems. Naval bases and universities are two places where, if we can postpone the auto-buying moment even a little, it saves both taxpayers and drivers money. But there's also a trend among young people toward postponing car ownership, and light rail can encourage it.
by Kevin C on Feb 21, 2012 11:50 am • link • report
The old NS (which is not the same as the current NS) went all the way to the beach, terminating at Pacific Ave. A bike trail is now along that route. Presumably, this would be removed. Eastern terminus in Google street view.
I was thinking about the airport too, but that would have to be a spur along either I-64 or US 13.
And for some really wild and crazy thinking, how about a crossing to Hampton or Newport News?
by Jack Love on Feb 21, 2012 12:53 pm • link • report
Also, it is worth noting that the Norfolk/VB area has the traffic problems of a much larger metro area. A good part of that is due to the system of tunnels and bridges in the area. This line could really be a first step in providing true alternatives to travel in that area. And the other commenters are correct that extensions to the Naval Base and to the Oceanfront could really open up both cities to a big bump in ridership, between carless Navy guys and tourists using Amtrak/light rail to have a traffic-free trip to the beach. (I'm not aware of any other transit systems that go right to the beach, other than maybe the NYC subway line to Coney Island which is not a very good comparison.)
I, personally, think it is interesting to periodically "check in" and see what is happening in neighboring metro areas, particularly those of MD and VA. Success (or failure) of The Tide could have a direct impact on whether VA legislators become more or less receptive to transit in general.
by Marc on Feb 21, 2012 12:53 pm • link • report
You sure you mean the MMBT for gridlock? I've crossed it many times and have never had traffic issues. The worst was some minor slowdowns. Norfolk/Portsmouth share two tunnels named the Downtown (I-264) and Midtown (US 58), and they are ancient, narrow, two-lane bi-directional tubes, and they are indeed nasty.
The Hampton Roads BT (I-64) has epic backups.
by Jack Love on Feb 21, 2012 12:58 pm • link • report
by Kristen on Feb 21, 2012 1:10 pm • link • report
by Graham on Feb 21, 2012 3:12 pm • link • report
The remaining N-S track from that old right-of-way seems to end at Birdneck Road, but there does appear to be a lot of right-of-way from there east, all the way to Pacific Ave. But the line would still need to cut north before then anyway, so that the light rail can service the Convention Center. My suggestion would be to continue for about a half-mile past Birdneck Road, then cut north, along 17th street, through what is now the trailer park, to Jefferson Ave & 19th St (Convention Center), then head east from there for about three-quarters of a mile to 19th & Pacific (Oceanfront), where those 2 big city parking lots are.
According to this article from 2008, that plan is not too far off from what developers were proposing for the area, or from what the city's Resort Area Strategic Plan is for this area.
@ Graham:
There is a plan (classified as "long term") to creat a light rail route from the Military Hwy station to Norfolk Naval Base, with one of the interim stops being ORF.
by Bradley Heard on Feb 21, 2012 5:17 pm • link • report
Jack Love: The Downtown Tunnel is two structurally independent two lane tunnels built decades apart, each carrying I-264 traffic in opposite directions under the south branch of the Elizabeth River. The two lane Midtown Tunnel carries two way US 58 traffic across the main river a couple of miles downstream. A new Jordan Bridge is being built to replace the one recently demolished (south of the government shipyard). The Monitor-Merrimack facility (I-664) includes a "double barrel" tunnel with two lanes in each "barrel". Like the downtown tunnel, the frequently congested ("rush" hour and summer weekends can be particularly bad) Hampton Roads bridge tunnel has two structurally independent two lane tunnels.
by Robert C on Feb 21, 2012 6:01 pm • link • report
Mass transit works best and has best economics when it connects homes to (1) work places, (2) shopping, and (3) school. Tourism is highly seasonal in VB, roughly May to September, and won't be a major factor driving the numbers.
So, as many have noted, the light-rail can't be really successful without at least 2 extensions. (1) from downtown Norfolk to the Norfolk Naval Base (NOB) and (2) from the eastern edge of Norfolk to the VB Oceanfront via Oceana NAS.
A possible 3rd extension would be along the former Princess Anne branch of the original N&S Railway from near Witchduck Road to the VB Municipal Center. This right-of-way is still clear, apparently owned by Dominion Power, and would connect both the VB Municipal Center and thousands of homes to the light-rail system.
by Anonymous Coward on Feb 22, 2012 10:04 am • link • report
Tourism is seasonal, but it is a huge driver of Virginia Beach's and the region's economy. So I wouldn't underestimate the value that light rail to the Beach could add to tourism in the region. In any case, I think your other point is spot on. The Tide's extension along the N-S railway to the VB oceanfront will connect homes to work places, shopping, and school. That's where the city is planning for its growth, and that's where the line will run. And yes, both extensions (to the Beach and to NOB) are essential, as the Regional Transit Vision Plan notes.
That said, I don't think light rail to the municipal center is a good idea. Much like Prince George's County's governmental center in Upper Marlboro, MD, the Va. Beach municipal center is in a very remote, rural part of the city, outside of any strategic growth area. The better course, over time, would be to move the seat of government to one of the strategic growth areas along the LRT route (maybe north of Va Bch Blvd near N. Plaza Trail/Little Neck Rd?).
by Bradley Heard on Feb 22, 2012 11:45 am • link • report
We already have public transportation in the tidewater area; it's called the bus. Rail is an outmoded form of transportation not suited to the modern U.S. Jay is right. This boondoggle will siphon off funds better spent on roads and highways.
You raise an interesting point, and I can virtually guarantee that you've never taken the HRT bus. It's a piece of shit, even compared to other American bus systems.
Lots of transit opponents in Hampton Roads point to the bus and twice-daily Amtrak service as evidence of adequate transit in the region. It really couldn't be any further from the truth; it's a mode of transit that residents and planners have relegated to use by "those people," and absolutely no thought or effort goes into running the system effectively. The routes make no sense at all, terminate abruptly, rarely conform to a timetable, and have a laughably infrequent level of service. Miss your connection? Too bad. Looks like you'll be waiting another hour in the 104° heat. I don't think they have Next Bus yet either.
On more than a few occasions, the guy driving my bus in the morning would pull over, stop the engine, and sit down in a Burger King to eat breakfast. Nobody else on the bus found this the slightest bit odd.
I'm one of the biggest transit advocates that you'll find, but the desire/need to avoid the HRT bus for my commute was the precise reason why I caved and purchased my first car.
The Norfolk/Hampton Roads area is also uniquely suited for a large and aggressive expansion of public transportation. The area is already somewhat densely populated along a few major corridors, has a surprisingly good economy, is choked with traffic, and has run out of room to build outwards.
However, there's a lot of work to be done to break the region from its car-dependency, and it's something that's going to need to be done as soon as possible if it wants to continue to grow, and develop into one of the East Coast's primary economic centers.
I-64's been expanded to its limits, there's no room for more highways, and we really can't afford many new tunnels. Virginia should strongly consider having Amtrak rethink its "high speed" route to Norfolk via Petersburg, and concentrate on building a two-track railroad from Richmond to VA Beach via Newport News, with accommodations for a future basic commuter rail line and light-rail network along the I-64 corridor.
This region has huge potential for future growth, and it's Virginia's opportunity to squander.
by andrew on Feb 22, 2012 12:34 pm • link • report
by Steve K on Feb 22, 2012 3:06 pm • link • report
It's that simple. They don't want the folks that go to Military Circle to be at the Beach.
by Capt. Hilts on Feb 22, 2012 10:55 pm • link • report
by Capt. Hilts on Feb 22, 2012 10:59 pm • link • report
How about parallel to Redgate Ave to the vicinity of the west end of 25th St, an S curve to Parker Av, North to 43rd St. Then east to the wider part of Hampton Blvd. adjacent to the Ted Constant Center?
by Robert C on Feb 23, 2012 4:05 pm • link • report
by Capt. Hilts on Feb 23, 2012 4:23 pm • link • report
Diverting the light rail from Hampton Blvd would miss the point of light rail, which is to conveniently connect densely populated masses of people to prime destinations, like ODU. Hampton Blvd runs through the heart of West Ghent and through a prime part of ODU, including the convention center and Foreman Field. Thus, it would be most accessible to the highest number of people and destinations.
And yes, the light rail should use 2 of the 4 existing lanes on Hampton Blvd (south of 38th), leaving one travel lane in each direction, without expanding the road. One of the advantages of West Ghent is that it is well gridded, so cars and people can take alternate routes. Claremont, Core, Colley, Kilian, and Morton Avenues are perfectly good north-south alternates to Hampton Blvd.
Over time, I suspect that once the Tide is rolling up and down Hampton Blvd, many more people in West Ghent and elsewhere will be inclined to leave their cars in their driveways and "Ride the Tide" -- which would actually reduce vehicle congestion on Hampton Blvd, even with the reduced number of lanes. Therein lies the beauty of transit!
by Bradley Heard on Feb 23, 2012 4:52 pm • link • report
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